Apanemia Health Centre

Archive for the ‘Cancer’ Category

The treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma is determined by two factors:

- Tumor stage, tumor stage is determined by its location, size and extent of spread (metastasized) to lymph nodes or distant organs.

- Group of tumors: establishing a time a surgeon has removed as much tumor as possible. Sometimes you need a second surgery to remove all traces of cancer that remains after the first surgery. In group 1 tumors, the cancer has completely surgically removed. In group 2 tumors, all visible cancer was removed surgically, but still some microscopic cancer cells. In group 3 tumors, surgery could not remove all visible cancer, but cancer has not spread. In group 4 tumors, the cancer has spread when diagnosed. Read the rest of this entry »

Duration

Rhabdomyosarcoma continue to grow until it is given. Without proper treatment, the cancer eventually will spread to the lungs, bone marrow, bones and lymph nodes.

Prevention

There is no way to prevent most cases of rhabdomyosarcoma. However, anyone who wants to conceive a healthy child should stop using recreational drugs and smoking. These harmful chemicals may increase the risk of a rhabdomyosarcoma or other medical conditions the child during birth or in the future. Read the rest of this entry »

After reviewing your child’s symptoms, the doctor will check the child. Depending on the results of this examination, your doctor may ask a regular X-ray as the first test. They may also be necessary computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). If a tumor is detected in one of these tests, we remove a small piece of tissue and examined in a laboratory (a biopsy).

If laboratory tests show signs of cancerous (malignant), your doctor will refer you to a medical center that has the facilities, personnel and expertise to treat childhood cancer. There your child will be subjected to further tests, which are likely to include chest radiography, CT of the chest, a radionuclide bone scan, bone marrow biopsy and other tests to detect whether the cancer has spread to the lungs, bones or other region. Read the rest of this entry »

Symptoms depend on where the tumor develops:

- Head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma affects when the eye or eyelid, you can make the eye stand out, which becomes inflamed (swollen) or has an eyelid paralysis of eye muscles. In the sinuses, rhabdomyosarcoma can cause nasal congestion, nasal secretions and sometimes blood or pus. In other regions of the head and neck, the most common symptom of rhabdomyosarcoma near the surface is a painless lump or swelling that increases gradually. A rhabdomyosarcoma located in a deep well can wear skull bones that protect the brain and cause headaches and nausea as the tumor enlarges to the surface of the brain. Read the rest of this entry »

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare cancer seen in children than in adults. About two thirds of cases, rhabdomyosarcoma occurs in children under 10 years. It is a soft tissue tumor that usually occurs as one of the following areas: head and neck (35 to 40% of cases), urinary tract and genital organs (25% of cases) and arms and legs (10% cases). It may also appear on the trunk. Doctors classified the cancer based on how the cells look under a microscope, most are embryonic (60% of cases) or alveolar (20% of cases):

- Embryonic tumors tend to grow back of the throat, in the ear canal or in the urinary tract or respiratory disease. In general, this is a limited and localized cancer that responds well to treatment and in rare cases it spreads (metastasizes). Read the rest of this entry »

Operations for colon cancer is relatively standardized. Magnitude of the operation may of course be weighed against the patient’s condition in general. Quality of life aspects must be considered.

With careful surgical technique and improved investigation and additional treatment should be long-term prognosis for colon cancer could be improved in the same way as we, in recent years have seen for rectal cancer.

Right-sided colon cancer

Surgery with right-sided hemikolektomi. A few cm of distal ileum and the entire right colon to the middle or more of the transverse colon included. A. ileocolica ligeras at departure from a. mesenterica superior and a. colika Dextra, or a. colika media, is also shared centrally. Importantly, the corresponding veins also shared key and the whole fat package with the area’s lymph nodes should be included. Anastomosis is performed with hand-sewn technique or bars.

Cancer of the colon, transverse

Are relatively rare and may, if it is the central location, surgery with resection of the transverse and otherwise with enlarged right-sided or left-sided hemikolektomi. A. colika ligeras media center. Read the rest of this entry »

Skin cancer is a disease caused by the development of cancerous cells in any of the layers of the skin.

There are two types: non-melanoma and melanoma.

The non-melanoma cancer is the most common and is called nonmelanoma because they formed from other skin cells are not accumulating pigment (melanocytes). Within this type are all skin cancers less malignant melanoma is less common and more malignant and explained below. Read the rest of this entry »

A glass of pomegranate juice every day may help men with recurrent prostate cancer live longer, as the sweet red juice protects healthy cells from damage, inhibits proliferation of cancer cells and even kills.

These were some of the findings of a study of the Jonsson Cancer Center at UCLA and published in Clinical Cancer Research.

It took 54 months to PSA (prostate specific antigen) tests to duplicate content levels in patients with recurrent prostate cancer who drank pomegranate juice after surgery or radiation treatment, researchers reported.

PSA is a protein marker for prostate cancer and the fastest increase levels of PSA in the blood of men after treatment are more likely to relapse with prostate cancer.

The antioxidant potential would be responsible, the research team, led by Allan Pantuck, an associate professor in the Department of Urology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, conducted additional experiments to examine the antioxidant properties of the juice pomegranate.

“The Pomegranate is high in antioxidants and there is evidence that inflammation plays an important role in prostate cancer, Pantuck said.

Like vitamin C and other antioxidants, ellagic acid is a major antioxidant in pomegranate juice, defends attacks by oxygen molecules that are added to cell groups, proteins and fats, thus altering their biological function.

Although results are encouraging, Dr. Pantuck stressed that more research is needed to confirm the biological role of the pomegranate in delaying or preventing recurrence of prostate cancer in men.

The snuff smoking is the main cause in 90% of cases of lung cancer in both men and women. Decades ago, this tumor was much less common in women and it was featured it was more likely that was not related to snuff. These differences are disappearing rapidly, reflecting the incorporation of women with smoking in the previous years.

Another part of this type of cancer is caused by inhaled substances and who are in the workplace, a phenomenon related to the 10% -15% of lung cancer in males and 5% in women. The most important of these substances are asbestos, such as those used in asbestos factories.

Lung cancer can also be caused by radiation received at the chest, such as treatment with radiation therapy used to treat breast cancer and lymphoma. The interval between radiation exposure and cancer onset is usually very long, around age 20. The greatest risk are people who tried for many years with old appliances, and smoked during the following years. The risk with modern radiotherapy equipment is very low.

Hereditary factors have little relation to lung cancer.

Risk Factors

Nicotine potentiates the carcinogenic effect of other substances from smoke snuff and the effects of carcinogens in the environment.

Nicotine acts on the mechanism of apoptosis, or cell death, preventing the cells to commit suicide. When it comes to cancer cells does the same thing which causes or encourages the formation of cancer.

In addition to snuff, there are other substances mentioned above which are listed now:

Asbestos: people who work with asbestos are seven times more likely to develop cancer than those who do not maintain contact with it. These people have a type of cancer called mesothelioma, which occurs in the pleura. In recent years, governments have banned the use of this material for commercial and industrial products. When combined with asbestos exposure to smoking, it increases their chances of getting cancer from 50 to 90 times.

Cancer-causing agents in the workplace: an occupational risk group are the miners. They work with materials that, when inhaled, can damage your lungs. Such substances are radioactive minerals such as uranium, and workers exposed to chemicals such as arsenic, vinyl chloride, nickel chromates, coal based products, mustard gas and chloromethyl ethers. People working in these conditions should be careful to avoid exposure to these agents.

Other factors would be those that have produced some damage to the lung and predispose them to cancer, as having suffered tuberculosis, silicosis or berilosis (diseases, the latter two, caused by inhalation of certain minerals).

Another reason that favors the growth of cancer cells would be the excess or deficit of vitamin A.

Noting the risk factors seem easy to prevent this disease. The no smoking or quit, is the most effective measure in preventing cancer.

Cells are the smallest living units of the human body. One function is to reproduce and die when no longer useful. This process is very neat, in time and space, so there is always that allows the appropriate number of cells for each stage of life.

When this multiplication of cells occurs in an uncontrolled manner, forming lumps. These masses are called tumors.
There may be benign and malignant tumors. Benign tumors are those that do not spread to other areas and do not compromise a person’s life.

Malignant tumors often spread to other parts of the body and cause damage to body tissues and organs and can even cause death of the person.

Malignant cells can move through the lymph or blood and reach anywhere in the body causing a second tumor, called metastatic, because it is the first originated.

Lung cancer is an abnormal growth of lung cells. The disease usually occurs on the inner walls of the bronchi, and growing up can obstruct the airway and impair breathing. For this reason, generally produces shortness of breath, breathlessness and fatigue.

There are two main types of lung cancer: small cell cancer and non small cell cancer (bronchogenic).

The odds of detecting cancer before it spreads increase if regularly performs certain tests for detection and analysis. Many cancers can be treated more easily when found early. The analysis is done and the frequency with which they are performed on your age, medical history and risk factors like family history and lifestyle.

Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer after lung cancer deaths. But colorectal cancer is detected early, can be treated.

The men and older women are more likely to develop colorectal cancer than younger people. From age 50, you should get regular colorectal cancer analysis.

Tell your doctor if you have polyps or if any of your family has had colorectal cancer, cancer breast or ovarian cancer or uterine cancer. If so, you may need to be performed more frequently analysis and when younger. There are several effective analysis, used individually or together, for colorectal cancer screening. Each has its advantages and disadvantages

Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. If you are at high risk of developing breast cancer, talk to your doctor about whether you should take medication to reduce their risk. Although the preventive drugs may reduce the risk in some women, too can cause blood clots and uterine cancer.

Women age 50 and older have increased risk of breast cancer than women younger. If your sister or mother affected by breast cancer, your risk is even greater. Get a mammogram every year or two, can help detect the disease early,
when it is easier to control. Mammograms have some risks. You may not find all types of cancer breast may also show that you have a cancer that has not really. These results false positive may lead to unnecessary biopsies.

Cervical Cancer

All women who are or have been sexually active are at risk of developing cervical cancer, unless it has been completely removed the uterus. Most deaths from cervical cancer can be prevented if discovered and treated early. To detect cervical cancer using Pap smears.

Women need to get a Pap smear at least every 3 years, and women more risk of developing this cancer in need more often.

A woman has an increased risk of developing cervical cancer if:

• Has had an STD.
• Has had more than one sexual partner.
• Has had previously abnormal Pap smears.

Your doctor may suggest that longer done Pap analysis if:

• Are older than 65 years, has previously had normal results of Pap tests and no increased risk for other reasons.
• Has had a hysterectomy.

Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is more common in men over 50 years. It may also have a higher risk of developing prostate cancer if your father or brother had prostate cancer.

The analysis, like the PSA test (prostate specific antigen) blood test or a digital rectal examination can help detect prostate cancer, but these tests also carry risks. Sometimes produce false positive results, which can lead to suffering
avoidable anxiety and unnecessary biopsies and treatments. It remains unclear whether these tests save lives.

Oral Cancer

Oral cancer includes cancer of the lips, tongue, pharynx and mouth. Most oral cancers occur in people over 40 who smoke or drink alcohol.

People who are long exposed to sunlight are at risk of developing cancer of the lips. You can help prevent oral cancer if you stop smoking and abusing alcohol. If you spend a lot time outside, use sunscreen on the lips. If you smoke or abuse alcohol snuff, you should have your dentist will examine your mouth for signs of oral cancer during your regular dental checkups. You should also visit your dentist more often.