Allergy

Treatment of Allergic Conjunctivitis

Phases of Treatment

* In the phase of onset of symptoms sympathomimetic drug use eye drops and / or antihistamines, or sometimes have to use steroids. They are used in a timely manner for a few days.
* To maintain stable, low-conjunctivitis symptoms have mast cell stabilizers, NSAIDs, and allergy / antihistamine. In this case use during seasons and preventive.
* As the etiology and treatment of cases there are two possibilities:
- allergen avoidance or environmental control.
- immunotherapy or allergy vaccines based on the disruption in the   formation of Th2 to Th1.

Drugs

1. Mast cell stabilizers
* The cromolyn sodium 4% 1 drop in each eye every 6 hours is also beneficial. With this treatment, although some patients report improvement after 24-48 hours of onset of his administration, its maximum effect is usually not reached until 10-14 days. The medication is generally well tolerated and without side effects. In addition, an extra beneficial effect is produced in the symptoms of rhinitis, by draining the ophthalmic DSCG in the nose through tear ducts.
* Nedocromil sodium 2% administered only 2 times a day has at least as effective as the DSCG 4%, 4 times daily in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. This presents a rapid onset of action and safety profile similar to that of DSCG. In addition, nedocromil 4 times daily appears more effective than DSCG in perennial allergic conjunctivitis.
* The lodoxamide 0.1% administered 4 times daily, although initially used only for KCJV, CJPG and KCJA, also useful in the CJA, being even more effective than DSCG 4% and with a good safety profile. The improvement usually begins to manifest at 3 days but may be needed about 4 weeks to achieve maximum effect.

2. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Ketorolac 0.5% and are pranoprofeno 0.1% topical NSAIDs appear to have some effectiveness in relieving ocular itching in allergic conjunctivitis. It has been suggested to act by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis (tear secretion), which are capable of inducing pruritus, however, their effectiveness is poor. Often associated with other preventive treatments.

3.Topical antihistamines
Among the topical antihistamines can describe two main groups:
* Classic topical antihistamines
* Next-generation topical antihistamines

Tags: Allergic Conjunctivitis, Allergy, antihistamines, immunotherapy, treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, vaccines

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